The School of Mathematics and Physics was established in 2005, its history dates back to the period of Beijing Institute of Geology. In 1952, Mathematics Group and Physics Group were established. In 1964, Mathematics Group, Physics Group, Chemistry Group, Foreign Language Group, Surveying and Mapping Group, Cartography Group etc. were incorporated into Basic Common Courses Committee. After moving to Wuhan, the mathematics major and physics major began to enroll undergraduate students in 1975 and 1987, respectively. Moreover, the Section of Basic Common Courses is established in 1982. In 1993, the Department of Mathematics and Physics was founded and began to recruit Master graduate students in 2001.

The School currently has six teaching and research departments: Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Department of Information and Computational Sciences, Department of College Mathematics Teaching, Department of Physics, Department of College Physics Teaching, and Physics Experiment Center. T here are 13 laboratories: Laboratory of Mathematics, Laboratory of University Physics, Laboratory of Modern Physics, Laboratory of Physical Optics and Applied Optics, etc.

At present, the School has a faculty of 117, including 98 full-time teachers, among which 26 are professors and 51 are associate professors, 12 Party and government staff and 5 experimental teaching staff and experimental technicians. There are 1 receiver of the Program for New Century Excellent Talents from Ministry of Education, 1 receiver of Young and Middle-Aged experts with outstanding contributions of Hubei Province, 1 receiver of new Century Talent Plan of Hubei Province, 1 receiver of Famous teachers in Hubei Province.

The School currently offers Bachelor degrees (Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Physics, Information and Computational Sciences), and Master degrees (Mathematics, Physics and Apply Statistics). From 2021, the school can recruit Doctoral students. In the recent 5 years, the School currently has over 938 undergraduates and around 97 graduate students. There are 19 National University Student Innovation Programs, 1 first prize of The National Challenge Cup Science and Technology Competition for College Students, 2 first prizes of National English Competition for College Student, 3 first prizes of Contemporary Undergraduate Mathematical Contest in Modeling, 6 first prizes of The Chinese Mathematics Competitions, 6 first prizes of National Post-Graduate Mathematical Contest in Modeling.

In the recent 5 years, the School teaching faculty members have obtained 45 National Natural Science Foundation of China; the School has held 4 international conferences and 100 colloquiums and seminars with worldwide scholars.